ggml : introduce semantic versioning (ggml/1336)

* ggml : introduce semantic versioning

This commit introduces semantic versioning for the GGML library.

The motivation for this is that the current versioning, using build
numbers, makes it difficult to track changes and releases for projects
that use ggml.

The release steps are the following:
1. Sync the changes from llama.cpp using sync-llama-am.sh and after the
   PR has been approved and merged move to step 2.
2. Run scripts/release.sh and specify the type of release, major, minor,
   or patch. This script will handle incrementing the version
   (major|minor|patch), create a new commit with the version change,
   create a tag for the version, and prepare for the next development
   iteration.
3. Inspect the commits/tag and push to master. This will trigger the
   github release workflow which is triggered for new tags which will
   then publish a new release on github.

Example usage:
```console
$ ./scripts/release.sh major --dry-run
[dry-run] - No changes will be made

Step 1: Reading current version...
Current version: 0.9.0-dev
New release version: 1.0.0

Step 2: Updating version in ggml/CMakeLists.txt...
  [dry-run] Would update GGML_VERSION_MAJOR to 1
  [dry-run] Would update GGML_VERSION_MINOR to 0
  [dry-run] Would update GGML_VERSION_PATCH to 0
  [dry-run] Would remove -dev suffix

Step 3: Committing version bump...
  [dry-run] Would commit: 'ggml : bump version to 1.0.0'

Step 4: Creating git tag...
  [dry-run] Would create tag: v1.0.0 with message 'Release version 1.0.0'

Step 5: Preparing for next development cycle...
  [dry-run] Would update GGML_VERSION_MINOR to 1
  [dry-run] Would add -dev suffix back

Step 6: Committing development version...
  [dry-run] Would commit: 'ggml : prepare for development of 1.1.0-dev'

[dry-run] Summary (no changes were made):
  • Would have released version: 1.0.0
  • Would have created tag: v1.0.0
  • Would have set next development version: 1.1.0-dev
```

Refs: https://github.com/ggml-org/ggml/issues/1333

* ggml: create branch for release candidate and check master

* ggml : sign the git tag

ggml/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,5 +1,41 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14) # for add_link_options and implicit target directories.
 project("ggml" C CXX ASM)
+
+### GGML Version
+set(GGML_VERSION_MAJOR 0)
+set(GGML_VERSION_MINOR 9)
+set(GGML_VERSION_PATCH 0)
+set(GGML_VERSION_DEV "-dev")  # "-dev" for development, "" for releases
+set(GGML_VERSION_BASE "${GGML_VERSION_MAJOR}.${GGML_VERSION_MINOR}.${GGML_VERSION_PATCH}")
+
+find_program(GIT_EXE NAMES git git.exe NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH)
+if(GIT_EXE)
+    # Get current git commit hash
+    execute_process(COMMAND ${GIT_EXE} rev-parse --short HEAD
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
+        OUTPUT_VARIABLE GGML_BUILD_COMMIT
+        OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
+        ERROR_QUIET
+    )
+
+    # Check if the working directory is dirty (i.e., has uncommitted changes)
+    execute_process(COMMAND ${GIT_EXE} diff-index --quiet HEAD -- .
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
+        RESULT_VARIABLE GGML_GIT_DIRTY
+        ERROR_QUIET
+    )
+endif()
+
+# Build the version string with optional -dev suffix and dirty flag
+set(GGML_VERSION "${GGML_VERSION_BASE}${GGML_VERSION_DEV}")
+if(GGML_GIT_DIRTY AND NOT GGML_GIT_DIRTY EQUAL 0)
+    set(GGML_VERSION "${GGML_VERSION}-dirty")
+endif()
+
+if(NOT GGML_BUILD_COMMIT)
+    set(GGML_BUILD_COMMIT "unknown")
+endif()
+
 include(CheckIncludeFileCXX)
 
 set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS ON)
@@ -300,26 +336,6 @@ endif()
 # Create CMake package
 #
 
-# Generate version info based on git commit.
-
-if(NOT DEFINED GGML_BUILD_NUMBER)
-    find_program(GIT_EXE NAMES git git.exe REQUIRED NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH)
-    execute_process(COMMAND ${GIT_EXE} rev-list --count HEAD
-        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
-        OUTPUT_VARIABLE GGML_BUILD_NUMBER
-        OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
-    )
-
-    if(GGML_BUILD_NUMBER EQUAL 1)
-        message(WARNING "GGML build version fixed at 1 likely due to a shallow clone.")
-    endif()
-
-    execute_process(COMMAND ${GIT_EXE} rev-parse --short HEAD
-        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
-        OUTPUT_VARIABLE GGML_BUILD_COMMIT
-        OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
-    )
-endif()
 
 
 # Capture variables prefixed with GGML_.
@@ -348,7 +364,7 @@ set(GGML_VARIABLES_EXPANDED ${variable_set_statements})
 
 # Create the CMake package and set install location.
 
-set(GGML_INSTALL_VERSION 0.0.${GGML_BUILD_NUMBER})
+set(GGML_INSTALL_VERSION ${GGML_VERSION})
 set(GGML_INCLUDE_INSTALL_DIR ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR} CACHE PATH "Location of header  files")
 set(GGML_LIB_INSTALL_DIR     ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}     CACHE PATH "Location of library files")
 set(GGML_BIN_INSTALL_DIR     ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}     CACHE PATH "Location of binary  files")