llama.cpp/examples/server/server.cpp

#include "common.h"
#include "llama.h"
#include "build-info.h"
#include "grammar-parser.h"

#ifndef NDEBUG
// crash the server in debug mode, otherwise send an http 500 error
#define CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS 1
#endif

#include "httplib.h"
#include "json.hpp"

// auto generated files (update with ./deps.sh)
#include "index.html.hpp"
#include "index.js.hpp"
#include "completion.js.hpp"

#ifndef SERVER_VERBOSE
#define SERVER_VERBOSE 1
#endif

using namespace httplib;
using json = nlohmann::json;

struct server_params
{
    std::string hostname = "127.0.0.1";
    std::string public_path = "examples/server/public";
    int32_t port = 8080;
    int32_t read_timeout = 600;
    int32_t write_timeout = 600;
};

// completion token output with probabilities
struct completion_token_output
{
    struct token_prob
    {
        llama_token tok;
        float prob;
    };

    std::vector<token_prob> probs;
    llama_token tok;
};

static size_t common_part(const std::vector<llama_token> &a, const std::vector<llama_token> &b)
{
    size_t i;
    for (i = 0; i < a.size() && i < b.size() && a[i] == b[i]; i++)
    {
    }
    return i;
}

enum stop_type
{
    STOP_FULL,
    STOP_PARTIAL,
};

static bool ends_with(const std::string &str, const std::string &suffix)
{
    return str.size() >= suffix.size() &&
           0 == str.compare(str.size() - suffix.size(), suffix.size(), suffix);
}

static size_t find_partial_stop_string(const std::string &stop,
                                       const std::string &text)
{
    if (!text.empty() && !stop.empty())
    {
        const char text_last_char = text.back();
        for (int64_t char_index = stop.size() - 1; char_index >= 0; char_index--)
        {
            if (stop[char_index] == text_last_char)
            {
                const std::string current_partial = stop.substr(0, char_index + 1);
                if (ends_with(text, current_partial))
                {
                    return text.size() - char_index - 1;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return std::string::npos;
}

template <class Iter>
static std::string tokens_to_str(llama_context *ctx, Iter begin, Iter end)
{
    std::string ret;
    for (; begin != end; ++begin)
    {
        ret += llama_token_to_str(ctx, *begin);
    }
    return ret;
}

static void server_log(const char *level, const char *function, int line,
                       const char *message, const nlohmann::ordered_json &extra)
{
    nlohmann::ordered_json log{
        {"timestamp", time(nullptr)},
        {"level", level},
        {"function", function},
        {"line", line},
        {"message", message},
    };

    if (!extra.empty())
    {
        log.merge_patch(extra);
    }

    const std::string str = log.dump(-1, ' ', false, json::error_handler_t::replace);
    fprintf(stdout, "%.*s\n", (int)str.size(), str.data());
    fflush(stdout);
}

// format incomplete utf-8 multibyte character for output
static std::string tokens_to_output_formatted_string(const llama_context *ctx, const llama_token token)
{
    std::string out = token == -1 ? "" : llama_token_to_str(ctx, token);
    // if first bit is 1, meaning it's a partial character
    if (out.size() > 0 && (out[0] & 0x80) == 0x80)
    {
        std::stringstream ss;
        ss << std::hex << (out[0] & 0xff);
        std::string res(ss.str());
        out = "byte: \\x" + res;
    }
    return out;
}

// convert a vector of completion_token_output to json
static json probs_vector_to_json(const llama_context *ctx, const std::vector<completion_token_output> probs)
{
    json out = json::array();
    for (const auto &prob : probs)
    {
        json probs_for_token = json::array();
        for (const auto &p : prob.probs)
        {
            std::string tok_str = tokens_to_output_formatted_string(ctx, p.tok);
            probs_for_token.push_back(json{
                {"tok_str", tok_str},
                {"prob", p.prob},
            });
        }
        std::string tok_str = tokens_to_output_formatted_string(ctx, prob.tok);
        out.push_back(json{
            {"content", tok_str},
            {"probs", probs_for_token},
        });
    }
    return out;
}

static bool server_verbose = false;

#if SERVER_VERBOSE != 1
#define LOG_VERBOSE(MSG, ...)
#else
#define LOG_VERBOSE(MSG, ...)                                            \
    do                                                                   \
    {                                                                    \
        if (server_verbose)                                              \
        {                                                                \
            server_log("VERBOSE", __func__, __LINE__, MSG, __VA_ARGS__); \
        }                                                                \
    } while (0)
#endif

#define LOG_ERROR(MSG, ...) server_log("ERROR", __func__, __LINE__, MSG, __VA_ARGS__)
#define LOG_WARNING(MSG, ...) server_log("WARNING", __func__, __LINE__, MSG, __VA_ARGS__)
#define LOG_INFO(MSG, ...) server_log("INFO", __func__, __LINE__, MSG, __VA_ARGS__)

struct llama_server_context
{
    bool stream = false;
    bool has_next_token = false;
    std::string generated_text;
    std::vector<completion_token_output> generated_token_probs;

    size_t num_prompt_tokens = 0;
    size_t num_tokens_predicted = 0;
    size_t n_past = 0;
    size_t n_remain = 0;

    std::vector<llama_token> embd;
    std::vector<llama_token> last_n_tokens;

    llama_model *model = nullptr;
    llama_context *ctx = nullptr;
    gpt_params params;

    llama_grammar *grammar = nullptr;

    bool truncated = false;
    bool stopped_eos = false;
    bool stopped_word = false;
    bool stopped_limit = false;
    std::string stopping_word;
    int32_t multibyte_pending = 0;

    std::mutex mutex;

    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock()
    {
        return std::unique_lock<std::mutex>(mutex);
    }

    ~llama_server_context()
    {
        if (ctx)
        {
            llama_free(ctx);
            ctx = nullptr;
        }
        if (model)
        {
            llama_free_model(model);
            model = nullptr;
        }
    }

    void rewind()
    {
        params.antiprompt.clear();
        params.grammar.clear();
        num_prompt_tokens = 0;
        num_tokens_predicted = 0;
        generated_text = "";
        generated_text.reserve(params.n_ctx);
        generated_token_probs.clear();
        truncated = false;
        stopped_eos = false;
        stopped_word = false;
        stopped_limit = false;
        stopping_word = "";
        multibyte_pending = 0;
        grammar = nullptr;

        n_remain = 0;
        n_past = 0;
    }

    bool loadModel(const gpt_params &params_)
    {
        params = params_;
        std::tie(model, ctx) = llama_init_from_gpt_params(params);
        if (model == nullptr)
        {
            LOG_ERROR("unable to load model", {{"model", params_.model}});
            return false;
        }

        last_n_tokens.resize(params.n_ctx);
        std::fill(last_n_tokens.begin(), last_n_tokens.end(), 0);
        return true;
    }

    bool loadGrammar()
    {
        if (!params.grammar.empty()) {
            grammar_parser::parse_state parsed_grammar;

            parsed_grammar = grammar_parser::parse(params.grammar.c_str());
            // will be empty (default) if there are parse errors
            if (parsed_grammar.rules.empty()) {
                LOG_ERROR("grammar parse error", {{"grammar", params.grammar}});
                return false;
            }
            grammar_parser::print_grammar(stderr, parsed_grammar);

            {
                auto it = params.logit_bias.find(llama_token_eos());
                if (it != params.logit_bias.end() && it->second == -INFINITY) {
                    LOG_WARNING("EOS token is disabled, which will cause most grammars to fail", {});
                }
            }

            std::vector<const llama_grammar_element *> grammar_rules(parsed_grammar.c_rules());
            grammar = llama_grammar_init(
                grammar_rules.data(), grammar_rules.size(), parsed_grammar.symbol_ids.at("root"));
        }
        return true;
    }

    void loadPrompt()
    {
        params.prompt.insert(0, 1, ' '); // always add a first space
        std::vector<llama_token> prompt_tokens = ::llama_tokenize(ctx, params.prompt, true);
        num_prompt_tokens = prompt_tokens.size();

        if (params.n_keep < 0)
        {
            params.n_keep = (int)num_prompt_tokens;
        }
        params.n_keep = std::min(params.n_ctx - 4, params.n_keep);

        // if input prompt is too big, truncate like normal
        if (num_prompt_tokens >= (size_t)params.n_ctx)
        {
            const int n_left = (params.n_ctx - params.n_keep) / 2;
            std::vector<llama_token> new_tokens(prompt_tokens.begin(), prompt_tokens.begin() + params.n_keep);
            const int erased_blocks = (num_prompt_tokens - params.n_keep - n_left - 1) / n_left;
            new_tokens.insert(new_tokens.end(), prompt_tokens.begin() + params.n_keep + erased_blocks * n_left, prompt_tokens.end());
            std::copy(prompt_tokens.end() - params.n_ctx, prompt_tokens.end(), last_n_tokens.begin());

            LOG_VERBOSE("input truncated", {
                                               {"n_ctx", params.n_ctx},
                                               {"n_keep", params.n_keep},
                                               {"n_left", n_left},
                                               {"new_tokens", tokens_to_str(ctx, new_tokens.cbegin(), new_tokens.cend())},
                                           });

            truncated = true;
            prompt_tokens = new_tokens;
        }
        else
        {
            const size_t ps = num_prompt_tokens;
            std::fill(last_n_tokens.begin(), last_n_tokens.end() - ps, 0);
            std::copy(prompt_tokens.begin(), prompt_tokens.end(), last_n_tokens.end() - ps);
        }

        // compare the evaluated prompt with the new prompt
        n_past = common_part(embd, prompt_tokens);
        embd = prompt_tokens;
        if (n_past == num_prompt_tokens)
        {
            // we have to evaluate at least 1 token to generate logits.
            n_past--;
        }

        LOG_VERBOSE("prompt ingested", {
                                           {"n_past", n_past},
                                           {"cached", tokens_to_str(ctx, embd.cbegin(), embd.cbegin() + n_past)},
                                           {"to_eval", tokens_to_str(ctx, embd.cbegin() + n_past, embd.cend())},
                                       });

        has_next_token = true;
    }

    void beginCompletion()
    {
        // number of tokens to keep when resetting context
        n_remain = params.n_predict;
        llama_set_rng_seed(ctx, params.seed);
    }

    completion_token_output nextToken()
    {
        completion_token_output result;
        result.tok = -1;

        if (embd.size() >= (size_t)params.n_ctx)
        {
            // Reset context
            const int n_left = (params.n_ctx - params.n_keep) / 2;

            std::vector<llama_token> new_tokens(embd.begin(), embd.begin() + params.n_keep);
            new_tokens.insert(new_tokens.end(), embd.end() - n_left, embd.end());
            embd = new_tokens;
            n_past = params.n_keep;
            truncated = true;
            LOG_VERBOSE("input truncated", {
                                               {"n_ctx", params.n_ctx},
                                               {"n_keep", params.n_keep},
                                               {"n_left", n_left},
                                               {"new_tokens", tokens_to_str(ctx, new_tokens.cbegin(), new_tokens.cend())},
                                           });
        }

        while (n_past < embd.size())
        {
            int n_eval = (int)embd.size() - n_past;
            if (n_eval > params.n_batch)
            {
                n_eval = params.n_batch;
            }
            if (llama_eval(ctx, &embd[n_past], n_eval, n_past, params.n_threads))
            {
                LOG_ERROR("failed to eval", {
                                                {"n_eval", n_eval},
                                                {"n_past", n_past},
                                                {"n_threads", params.n_threads},
                                                {"embd", tokens_to_str(ctx, embd.cbegin() + n_past, embd.cend())},
                                            });
                has_next_token = false;
                return result;
            }
            n_past += n_eval;
        }

        if (params.n_predict == 0)
        {
            has_next_token = false;
            result.tok = llama_token_eos();
            return result;
        }

        // out of user input, sample next token
        const float temp = params.temp;
        const int32_t top_k = params.top_k <= 0 ? llama_n_vocab(ctx) : params.top_k;
        const float top_p = params.top_p;
        const float tfs_z = params.tfs_z;
        const float typical_p = params.typical_p;
        const int32_t repeat_last_n = params.repeat_last_n < 0 ? params.n_ctx : params.repeat_last_n;
        const float repeat_penalty = params.repeat_penalty;
        const float alpha_presence = params.presence_penalty;
        const float alpha_frequency = params.frequency_penalty;
        const int mirostat = params.mirostat;
        const float mirostat_tau = params.mirostat_tau;
        const float mirostat_eta = params.mirostat_eta;
        const bool penalize_nl = params.penalize_nl;
        const int32_t n_probs = params.n_probs;

        {
            auto *logits = llama_get_logits(ctx);
            auto n_vocab = llama_n_vocab(ctx);

            // Apply params.logit_bias map
            for (const auto &it : params.logit_bias)
            {
                logits[it.first] += it.second;
            }

            std::vector<llama_token_data> candidates;
            candidates.reserve(n_vocab);
            for (llama_token token_id = 0; token_id < n_vocab; token_id++)
            {
                candidates.emplace_back(llama_token_data{token_id, logits[token_id], 0.0f});
            }

            llama_token_data_array candidates_p = {candidates.data(), candidates.size(), false};

            // Apply penalties
            float nl_logit = logits[llama_token_nl()];
            auto last_n_repeat = std::min(std::min((int)last_n_tokens.size(), repeat_last_n), params.n_ctx);
            llama_sample_repetition_penalty(ctx, &candidates_p,
                                            last_n_tokens.data() + last_n_tokens.size() - last_n_repeat,
                                            last_n_repeat, repeat_penalty);
            llama_sample_frequency_and_presence_penalties(ctx, &candidates_p,
                                                          last_n_tokens.data() + last_n_tokens.size() - last_n_repeat,
                                                          last_n_repeat, alpha_frequency, alpha_presence);
            if (!penalize_nl)
            {
                logits[llama_token_nl()] = nl_logit;
            }

            if (grammar != nullptr) {
                llama_sample_grammar(ctx, &candidates_p, grammar);
            }

            if (temp <= 0)
            {
                // Greedy sampling
                result.tok = llama_sample_token_greedy(ctx, &candidates_p);
                if (n_probs > 0)
                {
                    llama_sample_softmax(ctx, &candidates_p);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                if (mirostat == 1)
                {
                    static float mirostat_mu = 2.0f * mirostat_tau;
                    const int mirostat_m = 100;
                    llama_sample_temperature(ctx, &candidates_p, temp);
                    result.tok = llama_sample_token_mirostat(ctx, &candidates_p, mirostat_tau, mirostat_eta, mirostat_m, &mirostat_mu);
                }
                else if (mirostat == 2)
                {
                    static float mirostat_mu = 2.0f * mirostat_tau;
                    llama_sample_temperature(ctx, &candidates_p, temp);
                    result.tok = llama_sample_token_mirostat_v2(ctx, &candidates_p, mirostat_tau, mirostat_eta, &mirostat_mu);
                }
                else
                {
                    // Temperature sampling
                    size_t min_keep = std::max(1, n_probs);
                    llama_sample_top_k(ctx, &candidates_p, top_k, min_keep);
                    llama_sample_tail_free(ctx, &candidates_p, tfs_z, min_keep);
                    llama_sample_typical(ctx, &candidates_p, typical_p, min_keep);
                    llama_sample_top_p(ctx, &candidates_p, top_p, min_keep);
                    llama_sample_temperature(ctx, &candidates_p, temp);
                    result.tok = llama_sample_token(ctx, &candidates_p);
                }
            }

            if (grammar != nullptr) {
                llama_grammar_accept_token(ctx, grammar, result.tok);
            }

            for (size_t i = 0; i < std::min(candidates_p.size, (size_t)n_probs); ++i)
            {
                result.probs.push_back({candidates_p.data[i].id, candidates_p.data[i].p});
            }

            last_n_tokens.erase(last_n_tokens.begin());
            last_n_tokens.push_back(result.tok);
            num_tokens_predicted++;
        }

        // add it to the context
        embd.push_back(result.tok);
        // decrement remaining sampling budget
        --n_remain;

        if (!embd.empty() && embd.back() == llama_token_eos())
        {
            // stopping_word = llama_token_to_str(ctx, embd.back());
            has_next_token = false;
            stopped_eos = true;
            LOG_VERBOSE("eos token found", {});
            return result;
        }

        has_next_token = params.n_predict == -1 || n_remain != 0;
        return result;
    }

    size_t findStoppingStrings(const std::string &text, const size_t last_token_size,
                               const stop_type type)
    {
        size_t stop_pos = std::string::npos;
        for (const std::string &word : params.antiprompt)
        {
            size_t pos;
            if (type == STOP_FULL)
            {
                const size_t tmp = word.size() + last_token_size;
                const size_t from_pos = text.size() > tmp ? text.size() - tmp : 0;
                pos = text.find(word, from_pos);
            }
            else
            {
                pos = find_partial_stop_string(word, text);
            }
            if (pos != std::string::npos &&
                (stop_pos == std::string::npos || pos < stop_pos))
            {
                if (type == STOP_FULL)
                {
                    stopping_word = word;
                    stopped_word = true;
                    has_next_token = false;
                }
                stop_pos = pos;
            }
        }
        return stop_pos;
    }

    completion_token_output doCompletion()
    {
        const completion_token_output token_with_probs = nextToken();

        const std::string token_text = token_with_probs.tok == -1 ? "" : llama_token_to_str(ctx, token_with_probs.tok);
        generated_text += token_text;

        if (params.n_probs > 0)
        {
            generated_token_probs.push_back(token_with_probs);
        }

        if (multibyte_pending > 0)
        {
            multibyte_pending -= token_text.size();
        }
        else if (token_text.size() == 1)
        {
            const char c = token_text[0];
            // 2-byte characters: 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
            if ((c & 0xE0) == 0xC0)
            {
                multibyte_pending = 1;
                // 3-byte characters: 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
            }
            else if ((c & 0xF0) == 0xE0)
            {
                multibyte_pending = 2;
                // 4-byte characters: 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
            }
            else if ((c & 0xF8) == 0xF0)
            {
                multibyte_pending = 3;
            }
            else
            {
                multibyte_pending = 0;
            }
        }

        if (multibyte_pending > 0 && !has_next_token)
        {
            has_next_token = true;
            n_remain++;
        }

        if (!has_next_token && n_remain == 0)
        {
            stopped_limit = true;
        }

        LOG_VERBOSE("next token", {
                                      {"token", token_with_probs.tok},
                                      {"token_text", tokens_to_output_formatted_string(ctx, token_with_probs.tok)},
                                      {"has_next_token", has_next_token},
                                      {"n_remain", n_remain},
                                      {"num_tokens_predicted", num_tokens_predicted},
                                      {"stopped_eos", stopped_eos},
                                      {"stopped_word", stopped_word},
                                      {"stopped_limit", stopped_limit},
                                      {"stopping_word", stopping_word},
                                  });

        return token_with_probs;
    }

    std::vector<float> getEmbedding()
    {
        static const int n_embd = llama_n_embd(ctx);
        if (!params.embedding)
        {
            LOG_WARNING("embedding disabled", {
                                                  {"params.embedding", params.embedding},
                                              });
            return std::vector<float>(n_embd, 0.0f);
        }
        const float *data = llama_get_embeddings(ctx);
        std::vector<float> embedding(data, data + n_embd);
        return embedding;
    }
};

static void server_print_usage(const char *argv0, const gpt_params &params,
                               const server_params &sparams)
{
    fprintf(stdout, "usage: %s [options]\n", argv0);
    fprintf(stdout, "\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "options:\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "  -h, --help            show this help message and exit\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "  -v, --verbose         verbose output (default: %s)\n", server_verbose ? "enabled" : "disabled");
    fprintf(stdout, "  -t N, --threads N     number of threads to use during computation (default: %d)\n", params.n_threads);
    fprintf(stdout, "  -c N, --ctx-size N    size of the prompt context (default: %d)\n", params.n_ctx);
    fprintf(stdout, "  -gqa N, --gqa N       grouped-query attention factor (TEMP!!! use 8 for LLaMAv2 70B) (default: %d)\n", params.n_gqa);
    fprintf(stdout, "  -eps N, --rms-norm-eps N rms norm eps (TEMP!!! use 1e-5 for LLaMAv2) (default: %.1e)\n", params.rms_norm_eps);
    fprintf(stdout, "  --rope-freq-base N    RoPE base frequency (default: %.1f)\n", params.rope_freq_base);
    fprintf(stdout, "  --rope-freq-scale N   RoPE frequency scaling factor (default: %g)\n", params.rope_freq_scale);
    fprintf(stdout, "  -b N, --batch-size N  batch size for prompt processing (default: %d)\n", params.n_batch);
    fprintf(stdout, "  --memory-f32          use f32 instead of f16 for memory key+value (default: disabled)\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "                        not recommended: doubles context memory required and no measurable increase in quality\n");
    if (llama_mlock_supported())
    {
        fprintf(stdout, "  --mlock               force system to keep model in RAM rather than swapping or compressing\n");
    }
    if (llama_mmap_supported())
    {
        fprintf(stdout, "  --no-mmap             do not memory-map model (slower load but may reduce pageouts if not using mlock)\n");
    }
#ifdef LLAMA_SUPPORTS_GPU_OFFLOAD
    fprintf(stdout, "  -ngl N, --n-gpu-layers N\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "                        number of layers to store in VRAM\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "  -ts SPLIT --tensor-split SPLIT\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "                        how to split tensors across multiple GPUs, comma-separated list of proportions, e.g. 3,1\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "                        how to split tensors across multiple GPUs, comma-separated list of proportions, e.g. 3,1\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "  -mg i, --main-gpu i   the GPU to use for scratch and small tensors\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "  -lv, --low-vram don't allocate VRAM scratch buffer\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "  -mmq, --mul-mat-q     use experimental mul_mat_q CUDA kernels instead of cuBLAS. TEMP!!!\n" );
    fprintf(stdout, "                        Reduces VRAM usage by 700/970/1430 MiB for 7b/13b/33b but prompt processing speed\n" );
    fprintf(stdout, "                        is still suboptimal, especially q2_K, q3_K, q5_K, and q6_K.\n" );
#endif
    fprintf(stdout, "  -m FNAME, --model FNAME\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "                        model path (default: %s)\n", params.model.c_str());
    fprintf(stdout, "  -a ALIAS, --alias ALIAS\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "                        set an alias for the model, will be added as `model` field in completion response\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "  --lora FNAME          apply LoRA adapter (implies --no-mmap)\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "  --lora-base FNAME     optional model to use as a base for the layers modified by the LoRA adapter\n");
    fprintf(stdout, "  --host                ip address to listen (default  (default: %s)\n", sparams.hostname.c_str());
    fprintf(stdout, "  --port PORT           port to listen (default  (default: %d)\n", sparams.port);
    fprintf(stdout, "  --path PUBLIC_PATH    path from which to serve static files (default %s)\n", sparams.public_path.c_str());
    fprintf(stdout, "  -to N, --timeout N    server read/write timeout in seconds (default: %d)\n", sparams.read_timeout);
    fprintf(stdout, "  --embedding           enable embedding vector output (default: %s)\n", params.embedding ? "enabled" : "disabled");
    fprintf(stdout, "\n");
}

static void server_params_parse(int argc, char **argv, server_params &sparams,
                                gpt_params &params)
{
    gpt_params default_params;
    server_params default_sparams;
    std::string arg;
    bool invalid_param = false;

    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++)
    {
        arg = argv[i];
        if (arg == "--port")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            sparams.port = std::stoi(argv[i]);
        }
        else if (arg == "--host")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            sparams.hostname = argv[i];
        }
        else if (arg == "--path")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            sparams.public_path = argv[i];
        }
        else if (arg == "--timeout" || arg == "-to")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            sparams.read_timeout = std::stoi(argv[i]);
            sparams.write_timeout = std::stoi(argv[i]);
        }
        else if (arg == "-m" || arg == "--model")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            params.model = argv[i];
        }
        else if (arg == "-a" || arg == "--alias")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            params.model_alias = argv[i];
        }
        else if (arg == "-h" || arg == "--help")
        {
            server_print_usage(argv[0], default_params, default_sparams);
            exit(0);
        }
        else if (arg == "-c" || arg == "--ctx-size" || arg == "--ctx_size")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            params.n_ctx = std::stoi(argv[i]);
        }
        else if (arg == "-gqa" || arg == "--gqa")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            params.n_gqa = std::stoi(argv[i]);
        }
        else if (arg == "-eps" || arg == "--rms-norm-eps") {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            params.rms_norm_eps = std::stof(argv[i]);
        }
        else if (arg == "--rope-freq-base")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            params.rope_freq_base = std::stof(argv[i]);
        }
        else if (arg == "--rope-freq-scale")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            params.rope_freq_scale = std::stof(argv[i]);
        }
        else if (arg == "--memory-f32" || arg == "--memory_f32")
        {
            params.memory_f16 = false;
        }
        else if (arg == "--threads" || arg == "-t")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            params.n_threads = std::stoi(argv[i]);
        }
        else if (arg == "-b" || arg == "--batch-size")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            params.n_batch = std::stoi(argv[i]);
            params.n_batch = std::min(512, params.n_batch);
        }
        else if (arg == "--gpu-layers" || arg == "-ngl" || arg == "--n-gpu-layers")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
#ifdef LLAMA_SUPPORTS_GPU_OFFLOAD
            params.n_gpu_layers = std::stoi(argv[i]);
#else
            LOG_WARNING("Not compiled with GPU offload support, --n-gpu-layers option will be ignored. "
                        "See main README.md for information on enabling GPU BLAS support",
                        {{"n_gpu_layers", params.n_gpu_layers}});
#endif
        }
        else if (arg == "--tensor-split" || arg == "-ts")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
#ifdef GGML_USE_CUBLAS
            std::string arg_next = argv[i];

            // split string by , and /
            const std::regex regex{R"([,/]+)"};
            std::sregex_token_iterator it{arg_next.begin(), arg_next.end(), regex, -1};
            std::vector<std::string> split_arg{it, {}};
            GGML_ASSERT(split_arg.size() <= LLAMA_MAX_DEVICES);

            for (size_t i_device = 0; i_device < LLAMA_MAX_DEVICES; ++i_device)
            {
                if (i_device < split_arg.size())
                {
                    params.tensor_split[i_device] = std::stof(split_arg[i_device]);
                }
                else
                {
                    params.tensor_split[i_device] = 0.0f;
                }
            }
#else
            LOG_WARNING("llama.cpp was compiled without cuBLAS. It is not possible to set a tensor split.\n", {});
#endif // GGML_USE_CUBLAS
        }
        else if (arg == "--low-vram" || arg == "-lv")
        {
#ifdef GGML_USE_CUBLAS
            params.low_vram = true;
#else
            LOG_WARNING("warning: llama.cpp was compiled without cuBLAS. It is not possible to set lower vram usage.\n", {});
#endif // GGML_USE_CUBLAS
        }
        else if (arg == "--mul-mat-q" || arg == "-mmq")
        {
#ifdef GGML_USE_CUBLAS
            params.mul_mat_q = true;
#else
            LOG_WARNING("warning: llama.cpp was compiled without cuBLAS. It is not possible to use mul_mat_q kernels.\n", {});
#endif // GGML_USE_CUBLAS
        }
        else if (arg == "--main-gpu" || arg == "-mg")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
#ifdef GGML_USE_CUBLAS
            params.main_gpu = std::stoi(argv[i]);
#else
            LOG_WARNING("llama.cpp was compiled without cuBLAS. It is not possible to set a main GPU.", {});
#endif
        }
        else if (arg == "--lora")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            params.lora_adapter = argv[i];
            params.use_mmap = false;
        }
        else if (arg == "--lora-base")
        {
            if (++i >= argc)
            {
                invalid_param = true;
                break;
            }
            params.lora_base = argv[i];
        }
        else if (arg == "-v" || arg == "--verbose")
        {
#if SERVER_VERBOSE != 1
            LOG_WARNING("server.cpp is not built with verbose logging.", {});
#else
            server_verbose = true;
#endif
        }
        else if (arg == "--mlock")
        {
            params.use_mlock = true;
        }
        else if (arg == "--no-mmap")
        {
            params.use_mmap = false;
        }
        else if (arg == "--embedding")
        {
            params.embedding = true;
        }
        else
        {
            fprintf(stderr, "error: unknown argument: %s\n", arg.c_str());
            server_print_usage(argv[0], default_params, default_sparams);
            exit(1);
        }
    }

    if (invalid_param)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "error: invalid parameter for argument: %s\n", arg.c_str());
        server_print_usage(argv[0], default_params, default_sparams);
        exit(1);
    }
}

static json format_generation_settings(llama_server_context &llama)
{
    const auto eos_bias = llama.params.logit_bias.find(llama_token_eos());
    const bool ignore_eos = eos_bias != llama.params.logit_bias.end() &&
                            eos_bias->second < 0.0f && std::isinf(eos_bias->second);

    return json{
        {"n_ctx", llama.params.n_ctx},
        {"model", llama.params.model_alias},
        {"seed", llama.params.seed},
        {"temp", llama.params.temp},
        {"top_k", llama.params.top_k},
        {"top_p", llama.params.top_p},
        {"tfs_z", llama.params.tfs_z},
        {"typical_p", llama.params.typical_p},
        {"repeat_last_n", llama.params.repeat_last_n},
        {"repeat_penalty", llama.params.repeat_penalty},
        {"presence_penalty", llama.params.presence_penalty},
        {"frequency_penalty", llama.params.frequency_penalty},
        {"mirostat", llama.params.mirostat},
        {"mirostat_tau", llama.params.mirostat_tau},
        {"mirostat_eta", llama.params.mirostat_eta},
        {"penalize_nl", llama.params.penalize_nl},
        {"stop", llama.params.antiprompt},
        {"n_predict", llama.params.n_predict},
        {"n_keep", llama.params.n_keep},
        {"ignore_eos", ignore_eos},
        {"stream", llama.stream},
        {"logit_bias", llama.params.logit_bias},
        {"n_probs", llama.params.n_probs},
        {"grammar", llama.params.grammar},
    };
}

static json format_embedding_response(llama_server_context &llama)
{
    return json{
        {"embedding", llama.getEmbedding()},
    };
}

static json format_timings(llama_server_context &llama)
{
    const auto timings = llama_get_timings(llama.ctx);

    assert(timings.n_eval == llama.num_tokens_predicted);

    return json{
        {"prompt_n", timings.n_eval},
        {"prompt_ms", timings.t_p_eval_ms},
        {"prompt_per_token_ms", timings.t_p_eval_ms / timings.n_p_eval},
        {"prompt_per_second", 1e3 / timings.t_p_eval_ms * timings.n_p_eval},

        {"predicted_n", timings.n_eval},
        {"predicted_ms", timings.t_eval_ms},
        {"predicted_per_token_ms", timings.t_eval_ms / timings.n_eval},
        {"predicted_per_second", 1e3 / timings.t_eval_ms * timings.n_eval},
    };
}

static json format_final_response(llama_server_context &llama, const std::string &content, const std::vector<completion_token_output> &probs)
{

    json res = json{
        {"content", content},
        {"stop", true},
        {"model", llama.params.model_alias},
        {"tokens_predicted", llama.num_tokens_predicted},
        {"tokens_evaluated", llama.num_prompt_tokens},
        {"generation_settings", format_generation_settings(llama)},
        {"prompt", llama.params.prompt},
        {"truncated", llama.truncated},
        {"stopped_eos", llama.stopped_eos},
        {"stopped_word", llama.stopped_word},
        {"stopped_limit", llama.stopped_limit},
        {"stopping_word", llama.stopping_word},
        {"tokens_cached", llama.n_past},
        {"tokens_predicted", llama.num_tokens_predicted},
        {"timings", format_timings(llama)},
    };

    if (llama.params.n_probs > 0)
    {
        res["completion_probabilities"] = probs_vector_to_json(llama.ctx, probs);
    }

    return res;
}

static json format_partial_response(llama_server_context &llama, const std::string &content, const std::vector<completion_token_output> &probs)
{
    json res = json{
        {"content", content},
        {"stop", false},
    };

    if (llama.params.n_probs > 0)
    {
        res["completion_probabilities"] = probs_vector_to_json(llama.ctx, probs);
    }

    return res;
}

static json format_tokenizer_response(const std::vector<llama_token> &tokens)
{
    return json{
        {"tokens", tokens}};
}

static void parse_options_completion(const json &body, llama_server_context &llama)
{
    gpt_params default_params;

    llama.stream = body.value("stream", false);
    llama.params.n_predict = body.value("n_predict", default_params.n_predict);
    llama.params.top_k = body.value("top_k", default_params.top_k);
    llama.params.top_p = body.value("top_p", default_params.top_p);
    llama.params.tfs_z = body.value("tfs_z", default_params.tfs_z);
    llama.params.typical_p = body.value("typical_p", default_params.typical_p);
    llama.params.repeat_last_n = body.value("repeat_last_n", default_params.repeat_last_n);
    llama.params.temp = body.value("temperature", default_params.temp);
    llama.params.repeat_penalty = body.value("repeat_penalty", default_params.repeat_penalty);
    llama.params.presence_penalty = body.value("presence_penalty", default_params.presence_penalty);
    llama.params.frequency_penalty = body.value("frequency_penalty", default_params.frequency_penalty);
    llama.params.mirostat = body.value("mirostat", default_params.mirostat);
    llama.params.mirostat_tau = body.value("mirostat_tau", default_params.mirostat_tau);
    llama.params.mirostat_eta = body.value("mirostat_eta", default_params.mirostat_eta);
    llama.params.penalize_nl = body.value("penalize_nl", default_params.penalize_nl);
    llama.params.n_keep = body.value("n_keep", default_params.n_keep);
    llama.params.seed = body.value("seed", default_params.seed);
    llama.params.prompt = body.value("prompt", default_params.prompt);
    llama.params.grammar = body.value("grammar", default_params.grammar);
    llama.params.n_probs = body.value("n_probs", default_params.n_probs);

    llama.params.logit_bias.clear();
    if (body.value("ignore_eos", false))
    {
        llama.params.logit_bias[llama_token_eos()] = -INFINITY;
    }

    const auto &logit_bias = body.find("logit_bias");
    if (logit_bias != body.end() && logit_bias->is_array())
    {
        const int n_vocab = llama_n_vocab(llama.ctx);
        for (const auto &el : *logit_bias)
        {
            if (el.is_array() && el.size() == 2 && el[0].is_number_integer())
            {
                llama_token tok = el[0].get<llama_token>();
                if (tok >= 0 && tok < n_vocab)
                {
                    if (el[1].is_number())
                    {
                        llama.params.logit_bias[tok] = el[1].get<float>();
                    }
                    else if (el[1].is_boolean() && !el[1].get<bool>())
                    {
                        llama.params.logit_bias[tok] = -INFINITY;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    llama.params.antiprompt.clear();
    const auto &stop = body.find("stop");
    if (stop != body.end() && stop->is_array())
    {
        for (const auto &word : *stop)
        {
            if (!word.empty())
            {
                llama.params.antiprompt.push_back(word);
            }
        }
    }

    LOG_VERBOSE("completion parameters parsed", format_generation_settings(llama));
}

static void log_server_request(const Request &req, const Response &res)
{
    LOG_INFO("request", {
                            {"remote_addr", req.remote_addr},
                            {"remote_port", req.remote_port},
                            {"status", res.status},
                            {"method", req.method},
                            {"path", req.path},
                            {"params", req.params},
                        });

    LOG_VERBOSE("request", {
                               {"request", req.body},
                               {"response", res.body},
                           });
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    // own arguments required by this example
    gpt_params params;
    server_params sparams;

    // struct that contains llama context and inference
    llama_server_context llama;

    server_params_parse(argc, argv, sparams, params);

    if (params.model_alias == "unknown")
    {
        params.model_alias = params.model;
    }

    llama_backend_init(params.numa);

    LOG_INFO("build info", {{"build", BUILD_NUMBER},
                            {"commit", BUILD_COMMIT}});
    LOG_INFO("system info", {
                                {"n_threads", params.n_threads},
                                {"total_threads", std::thread::hardware_concurrency()},
                                {"system_info", llama_print_system_info()},
                            });

    // load the model
    if (!llama.loadModel(params))
    {
        return 1;
    }

    Server svr;

    svr.set_default_headers({{"Server", "llama.cpp"},
                             {"Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*"},
                             {"Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "content-type"}});

    // this is only called if no index.html is found in the public --path
    svr.Get("/", [](const Request &, Response &res)
            {
        res.set_content(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&index_html), index_html_len, "text/html");
        return false; });

    // this is only called if no index.js is found in the public --path
    svr.Get("/index.js", [](const Request &, Response &res)
            {
        res.set_content(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&index_js), index_js_len, "text/javascript");
        return false; });

    // this is only called if no index.html is found in the public --path
    svr.Get("/completion.js", [](const Request &, Response &res)
            {
        res.set_content(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&completion_js), completion_js_len, "application/javascript");
        return false; });

    svr.Post("/completion", [&llama](const Request &req, Response &res)
             {
        auto lock = llama.lock();

        llama.rewind();

        llama_reset_timings(llama.ctx);

        parse_options_completion(json::parse(req.body), llama);

        if (!llama.loadGrammar())
        {
            res.status = 400;
            return;
        }

        llama.loadPrompt();
        llama.beginCompletion();

        if (!llama.stream) {
            size_t stop_pos = std::string::npos;

            while (llama.has_next_token) {
                const completion_token_output token_with_probs = llama.doCompletion();
                const std::string token_text = token_with_probs.tok == -1 ? "" : llama_token_to_str(llama.ctx, token_with_probs.tok);

                stop_pos = llama.findStoppingStrings(llama.generated_text,
                    token_text.size(), STOP_FULL);
            }

            if (stop_pos == std::string::npos) {
                stop_pos = llama.findStoppingStrings(llama.generated_text, 0, STOP_PARTIAL);
            }
            if (stop_pos != std::string::npos) {
                llama.generated_text.erase(llama.generated_text.begin() + stop_pos,
                    llama.generated_text.end());
            }

            const json data = format_final_response(llama, llama.generated_text, llama.generated_token_probs);

            llama_print_timings(llama.ctx);

            res.set_content(data.dump(-1, ' ', false, json::error_handler_t::replace),
                            "application/json");
        } else {
            const auto chunked_content_provider = [&](size_t, DataSink & sink) {
                size_t sent_count = 0;
                size_t sent_token_probs_index = 0;

                while (llama.has_next_token) {
                    const completion_token_output token_with_probs = llama.doCompletion();
                    const std::string token_text = token_with_probs.tok == -1 ? "" : llama_token_to_str(llama.ctx, token_with_probs.tok);
                    if (llama.multibyte_pending > 0) {
                        continue;
                    }

                    size_t pos = std::min(sent_count, llama.generated_text.size());

                    const std::string str_test = llama.generated_text.substr(pos);
                    size_t stop_pos =
                        llama.findStoppingStrings(str_test, token_text.size(), STOP_FULL);
                    if (stop_pos != std::string::npos) {
                        llama.generated_text.erase(
                            llama.generated_text.begin() + pos + stop_pos,
                            llama.generated_text.end());
                        pos = std::min(sent_count, llama.generated_text.size());
                    } else {
                        stop_pos = llama.findStoppingStrings(str_test, token_text.size(),
                            STOP_PARTIAL);
                    }

                    const std::string to_send = llama.generated_text.substr(pos, stop_pos);
                    sent_count += to_send.size();

                    std::vector<completion_token_output> probs_output = {};

                    if (llama.params.n_probs > 0) {
                        const std::vector<llama_token> to_send_toks = llama_tokenize(llama.ctx, to_send, false);
                        size_t probs_pos = std::min(sent_token_probs_index, llama.generated_token_probs.size());
                        size_t probs_stop_pos = std::min(sent_token_probs_index + to_send_toks.size(), llama.generated_token_probs.size());
                        if (probs_pos < probs_stop_pos) {
                            probs_output = std::vector<completion_token_output>(llama.generated_token_probs.begin() + probs_pos, llama.generated_token_probs.begin() + probs_stop_pos);
                        }
                        sent_token_probs_index = probs_stop_pos;
                    }

                    const json data = llama.has_next_token
                                          ? format_partial_response(llama, to_send, probs_output)
                                          // Generation is done, send extra information.
                                          : format_final_response(llama, to_send, llama.generated_token_probs);

                    const std::string str =
                        "data: " +
                        data.dump(-1, ' ', false, json::error_handler_t::replace) +
                        "\n\n";

                    LOG_VERBOSE("data stream", {
                        { "to_send", str }
                    });

                    if (!sink.write(str.data(), str.size())) {
                        LOG_VERBOSE("stream closed", {});
                        llama_print_timings(llama.ctx);
                        return false;
                    }
                }

                llama_print_timings(llama.ctx);
                sink.done();
                return true;
            };
            const auto on_complete = [&](bool) {
                llama.mutex.unlock();
            };
            lock.release();
            res.set_chunked_content_provider("text/event-stream", chunked_content_provider, on_complete);
        } });

    svr.Get("/model.json", [&llama](const Request &, Response &res)
            {
        const json data = format_generation_settings(llama);
        return res.set_content(data.dump(), "application/json"); });

    svr.Options(R"(/.*)", [](const Request &, Response &res)
                { return res.set_content("", "application/json"); });

    svr.Post("/tokenize", [&llama](const Request &req, Response &res)
             {
        auto lock = llama.lock();

        const json body = json::parse(req.body);
        const std::string content = body.value("content", "");
        const std::vector<llama_token> tokens = llama_tokenize(llama.ctx, content, false);
        const json data = format_tokenizer_response(tokens);
        return res.set_content(data.dump(), "application/json"); });

    svr.Post("/embedding", [&llama](const Request &req, Response &res)
             {
        auto lock = llama.lock();

        const json body = json::parse(req.body);

        llama.rewind();
        llama_reset_timings(llama.ctx);
        llama.params.prompt = body.value("content", "");
        llama.params.n_predict = 0;
        llama.loadPrompt();
        llama.beginCompletion();
        llama.doCompletion();

        const json data = format_embedding_response(llama);
        return res.set_content(data.dump(), "application/json"); });

    svr.set_logger(log_server_request);

    svr.set_exception_handler([](const Request &, Response &res, std::exception_ptr ep)
                              {
        const auto * fmt = "500 Internal Server Error\n%s";
        char buf[BUFSIZ];
        try {
            std::rethrow_exception(std::move(ep));
        } catch (std::exception & e) {
            snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, e.what());
        } catch (...) {
            snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, "Unknown Exception");
        }
        res.set_content(buf, "text/plain");
        res.status = 500; });

    svr.set_error_handler([](const Request &, Response &res)
                          {
        if (res.status == 400) {
            res.set_content("Invalid request", "text/plain");
        } else {
            res.set_content("File Not Found", "text/plain");
            res.status = 404;
        } });

    // set timeouts and change hostname and port
    svr.set_read_timeout(sparams.read_timeout);
    svr.set_write_timeout(sparams.write_timeout);

    if (!svr.bind_to_port(sparams.hostname, sparams.port))
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "\ncouldn't bind to server socket: hostname=%s port=%d\n\n", sparams.hostname.c_str(), sparams.port);
        return 1;
    }

    // Set the base directory for serving static files
    svr.set_base_dir(sparams.public_path);

    // to make it ctrl+clickable:
    fprintf(stdout, "\nllama server listening at http://%s:%d\n\n", sparams.hostname.c_str(), sparams.port);

    LOG_INFO("HTTP server listening", {
                                          {"hostname", sparams.hostname},
                                          {"port", sparams.port},
                                      });

    if (!svr.listen_after_bind())
    {
        return 1;
    }

    if (llama.grammar != nullptr) {
        llama_grammar_free(llama.grammar);
    }
    llama_backend_free();

    return 0;
}